Guide to table - (Ciccone et al)
a) According to the Endocrine Society guidelines (2011)
b) according to the WHO 2000
c) there were some missing data in the medical records
d) according to the WHO 2010 *P≤0.05 is considered a statistically significant difference
SAG: seminal abnormalities group
NZG: normozoospermic group
25(OH)VD3: 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3
BMI: body mass index
LH: luteinizing hormone
FSH: follicle-stimulating hormone
This is a study that assesses the relationship between plasma vitamin D levels and the commonly used markers for normal male fertility. It shows a direct correlation between nearly all markers and vitamin D.
Vitamin D is a signalling molecule: male reproductive organs are among its targets
Within a subset of men from countries where lack of sun exposure was not a contributory factor, two-thirds of those seeking help for reproductive issues were deficient in vitamin D. There was a direct correlation between circulating vitamin D and sperm parameters: every 1 unit increase in 25(OH)VD3 lead to a 2.1% improvement in progressive motile spermatozoa in the ejaculate. Merely correcting the mean 25(OH)VD3 level in the SAG group to the range of the control group would lead to a 10.5% improvement in progressive motility.
Vitamin D3 levels were the most closely correlated to 5 out of 8 seminal parameters, second in the 3 other parameters. Total testosterone was marginally more significantly correlated to total progressive motility, total sperm motility and normal morphology.
Vitamin D level is the most significant indicator of seminal quality
25(OH)VD3 is the most significant factor in
Total number of spermatozoa
Sperm Concentration
Total number of motile spermatozoa
Total number of spermatozoa with progressive motility
Strict morphology
Direct correlation between vitamin D and sperm parameters:
every unit increase in 25(OH)VD3 leads to a 2.1% improvement in progressive motile spermatozoa
Progenyx can help maintain summerlike levels all year round
We can derive vitamin D from our diet but mostly we produce it ourselves (endogenously) when our skin is exposed to the sun. When people are deprived of exposure to the sun such as in winter, continuous use of sun-block or covering our skin, we have to rely more heavily on sourcing it from our diet. In Ireland and the UK, winter is marked by very short days when the sun does not rise very high in the sky. Lack of vitamin D has been identified as a cause of some life-limiting conditions that led to government campaigns to increase awareness. Fish-derived oil was in vogue at one point but there are a number of less unpalatable alternatives which can make a real difference. For many years, the role of vitamin D was not widely known - the latest research has demonstrated that men with vitamin D deficiency (VDD) tend to have reduced numbers of motile spermatozoa, reduced total motility and sperm concentration. To supplement this widespread deficiency we include the recommended daily allowance (RDA) in each tablet of Progenyx.
Below is a table showing the differences between a group of men with abnormalities of the semen and a control (normal) group. The final column marked P is what statisticians use to identify significant differences: the lower the P value, the more likely that the findings are correct. A P value of 0.05 corresponds to researchers being 95% certain that their findings are accurate. This is the accepted baseline of significance and allows us to interpret the data as factual. A P value of 0.01 corresponds to 99% certainty and 0.001 means that scientists are 99.9% sure; no P value corresponds to 100%!